Cash and cash equivalents
|
2018
|
2017
|
|
|
Deposits
|
245
|
242
|
|
Money market funds
|
340
|
40
|
|
Cash at bank and in hand
|
683
|
596
|
|
Payments in transit
|
11
|
19
|
|
Bills of exchange
|
2
|
2
|
|
Total
|
1,281
|
899
|
Cash at year-end 2018 was not being used as collateral and therefore was not restricted (same as in 2017).
In a few countries DSM faces cross-border foreign exchange controls and/or other legal restrictions that limit its ability to make these balances available on short notice for general use by the group. The amount of cash held in these countries was €104 million (2017: €116 million). The cash will generally be invested or held in the relevant country and, given the other liquidity resources available to the group, does not significantly affect the ability of the group to meet its cash obligations.
Cash held by DSM includes cash from certain associates and joint ventures that continue to participate in the cash-pooling arrangements of DSM. At the end of 2018, the amount had decreased by €14 million to €5 million. See also Note 21 Current liabilities.