Property, plant and equipment

 
Land and
buildings
Plant and
machinery
Other
equip-
ment
Under
construc-
tion
Not used for
operating activities
Total
Balance at 1 January 2017
           
Cost
2,138
4,176
220
508
15
7,057
Depreciation and impairment losses
879
2,689
154
1
9
3,732
             
Carrying amount
1,259
1,487
66
507
6
3,325
             
Changes in carrying amount:
           
- Capital expenditure
8
54
4
422
-
488
- Put into operation
71
183
16
(270)
-
-
- Acquisitions
12
48
1
2
-
63
- Disposals
(4)
(1)
(1)
-
-
(6)
- Depreciation
(73)
(226)
(19)
-
-
(318)
- Impairment losses
(5)
(7)
(2)
(1)
-
(15)
- Impairment reversals
-
11
-
-
-
11
- Exchange differences
(89)
(97)
(4)
(43)
-
(233)
- Other changes
2
(1)
1
(4)
-
(2)
             
 
(78)
(36)
(4)
106
-
(12)
Balance at 31 December 2017
           
Cost
2,070
4,177
219
613
14
7,093
Depreciation and impairment losses
889
2,726
157
-
8
3,780
             
Carrying amount
1,181
1,451
62
613
6
3,313
             
Changes in carrying amount:
           
- Capital expenditure
8
38
21
478
-
545
- Put into operation
53
340
13
(406)
-
-
- Acquisitions
-
(1)
-
-
-
(1)
- Disposals
(7)
(1)
-
-
-
(8)
- Deconsolidation
(11)
(15)
-
-
-
(26)
- Depreciation
(72)
(230)
(18)
-
-
(320)
- Impairment losses
(17)
(8)
-
-
-
(25)
- Impairment reversals
2
-
-
-
-
2
- Exchange differences
12
16
-
5
-
33
- Other changes
3
(2)
(1)
(2)
-
(2)
             
 
(29)
137
15
75
-
198
Balance at 31 December 2018
           
Cost
2,104
4,618
247
689
12
7,670
Depreciation and impairment losses
952
3,030
170
1
6
4,159
             
Carrying amount
1,152
1,588
77
688
6
3,511

There were no material finance lease agreements in 2018 (as was the case in 2017).

In 2018, impairment losses of €25 million (2017: €15 million) were recognized on property, plant and equipment. See also Note 2 Alternative performance measures.

Deconsolidation relates to the Yantai Andre Pectin business. See also Note 3 Change in the scope of the consolidation.