12 Inventories

 

2019

2018

 
 
 

Raw materials and consumables

524

509

Intermediates and finished goods

1,576

1,574

 
 
 
 

2,100

2,083

Adjustments to lower net realizable value

(81)

(90)

 
 
 

Total

2,019

1,993

The carrying amount of inventories adjusted to net realizable value was €272 million (2018: €271 million).

Changes in the adjustment to net realizable value

 

2019

2018

 
 
 

Balance at 1 January

(90)

(61)

 
 
 

Additions charged to income statement

(66)

(97)

Utilization/reversals

76

69

Exchange differences

(1)

(1)

 
 
 

Balance at 31 December

(81)

(90)